and for many of these passengers, their travel experience on the Titanic was akin to travelling first class on smaller liners. The average ticket price for an adult second-class passenger was £13, the equivalent of £1,123 today. The ship's musicians travelled in second-class accommodations they were not counted as members of the crew, but were employed by an agency under contract to the White Star Line. Second-class passengers were leisure tourists, academics, members of the clergy, and middle-class English, Scottish and American families. The Titanic's musicians, led by Wallace Hartley, were employed as crew, but given second-class accommodations. Hershey, founder of Hershey's chocolate, made plans to sail aboard the ship's maiden voyage, but cancelled their bookings before the ship set sail. Swedish first class passenger and businessman Mauritz Håkan Björnström-Steffansson owned the most highly valued single object on board: a masterpiece of French neoclassical painting entitled La Circassienne au Bain, for which he would later claim US$100,000 in compensation (equivalent to US$2.6 million in 2020). Thayer, vice president of Pennsylvania Railroad, and his wife, Marian Charles Hays, president of Canada's Grand Trunk Railway William Ernest Carter and his wife, American socialite Lucile Carter millionaire, philanthropist and women's rights activist Margaret Brown tennis star and banker Karl Behr famous American silent film actress Dorothy Gibson prominent Buffalo architect Edward Austin Kent and President William Howard Taft's military aide, Major Archibald Butt, who was returning to resume his duties after a six-week trip to Europe. Among others were industrialist magnate and millionaire Benjamin Guggenheim Macy's department store owner, and former member of the United States House of Representatives Isidor Straus, and his wife Ida George Dennick Wick, founder and president of Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company millionaire streetcar magnate George Dunton Widener John B. Astor was the wealthiest passenger aboard the ship and one of the richest men in the world his great-grandfather John Jacob Astor was the first multi-millionaire in America. Some of the most prominent members of the American social elite made the trip: real estate builder, businessman, and multimillionaire Colonel John Jacob Astor IV and his 18-year-old pregnant wife Madeleine were returning to the United States for their child's birth.
Bruce Ismay and the ship's Harland and Wolff designer, Thomas Andrews, were both on board to oversee the ship's progress on her maiden voyage. Lord Pirrie, chairman of Harland and Wolff, intended to travel aboard the Titanic, but illness prevented him from joining the ill-fated voyage however, White Star Line's managing director J. The Cavendishes of London were among other prominent British couples on board, as well. Colonel Archibald Gracie IV, a real estate investor and member of the wealthy Scottish-American Gracie family, embarked at Southampton. Members of the British aristocracy made the trip: The Countess of Rothes, wife of the 19th Earl of Rothes, embarked at Southampton with her parents, Thomas and Clementina Dyer-Edwardes, and cousin Gladys Cherry.
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